RCCN WeChat QrCode
Mobile WebSite
Different from the fiery heat of photovoltaic power generation, the speed of wind power construction in China has been declining in recent years. In 2017, the newly installed capacity of wind power has hit a new low in the past five years. At the same time, however, China's offshore wind power has sprung up, and its installed capacity has grown rapidly for five consecutive years, ranking third in the world.
China's offshore wind power started late and developed rapidly, facing fierce competition from other new energy sources such as onshore wind power and photovoltaic power generation. At the recent 2018 Offshore Wind Power Summit, experts at the meeting said that in the next phase of China's offshore wind power development, technological innovation and large-scale development must be adopted to get rid of subsidy dependence as soon as possible and achieve rapid development through market-oriented methods.
In the future, the cumulative installed capacity of offshore wind power in China will exceed 10 million kilowatts.
According to the data, after 11 years of development, as of 2017, China's offshore wind power installed capacity of 1.16 million kilowatts, the cumulative installed capacity reached 2.79 million kilowatts. The offshore wind farm has achieved more flowering. If you walk along the coastlines of Jiangsu, Fujian, Guangdong and other provinces, you can see the white fan. With the continuous improvement of the development technology and the strength of the industrial chain, China's offshore wind power has been steadily advanced. In 2018, China's offshore wind power installed capacity was 1.16 million kilowatts, a total of 3.63 million kilowatts.
It is predicted that the cumulative installed capacity of offshore wind power in China will reach 4.23 million kilowatts in 2019, and the compound annual growth rate in the next five years (2019-2023) will be about 26.02%. It is predicted that the cumulative installed capacity of offshore wind power in China will exceed 10 million kilowatts in 2023. It reached 10.67 million kilowatts.
Statistics and Forecast of Cumulative Installed Capacity of Offshore Wind Power in China from 2017 to 2023
Analysis of unfavorable factors in the development of offshore wind power industry in China
1. The technical difficulty is high and the investment cost is high. The technical aspects are mainly the transmission of offshore wind power and the dynamic stability of offshore wind farms on the grid; in terms of investment costs, in order to adapt to the harsh environment at sea, offshore wind turbines must adopt various technical measures such as airtightness, drying, heat exchange and anti-corrosion. And the unit has a large single unit capacity, and it needs to be equipped with special facilities for installation and maintenance (boarding platform, crane, etc.). When maintenance of offshore wind farms, large maintenance vessels must be used, such as construction and construction vessels, specialized service vessels, helicopters. Pick-up service or boat of the type of mothership. Offshore wind power generation is 1.4 times that of onshore wind farms, but the investment cost is nearly twice that of land wind farms. The current onshore wind power investment cost is 8000-9000 yuan/kW, and the offshore wind power investment cost is 10000-18000 yuan/ Between kilowatts, which is mainly in construction and equipment investment, and the operation and maintenance costs in the later period are also high.
2. The management system is not perfect
Offshore wind power is different from onshore wind power. It is still in its infancy, and there are still many problems in the management system to be overcome. The lack of a management link may slow down the layout of the entire project. On the one hand, the development of the offshore wind power industry is still in its infancy, and some management systems still have gaps. The industrial approval procedures are relatively complex and slow, and no reasonable standards have been set for subsidies for offshore wind power. On the other hand, while encouraging the development of the industry, the state is not well regulated by the ecological damage caused by it. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a complete management system to regulate the further development of the offshore wind power industry.
3. Industry development lacks market power
At present, the development of China's offshore wind power industry mainly depends on policy. Although China has gradually increased its support for the development of offshore wind power industry in recent years, the healthy and sustainable development of an industry requires the market mechanism to play a role in addition to continuous improvement of policies and policy guidance. Since China has not yet established a mandatory market protection policy, it cannot form a stable market demand. The main purpose of some enterprises to develop offshore wind power is to develop conventional energy generation through the acquisition of quotas, resulting in the lack of sustained market driving force for the development of offshore wind power industry.
Analysis on the Favorable Factors in the Development of Offshore Wind Power Industry in China
1. The offshore wind power industry has become one of the government's main emerging industries.
The 13th Five-Year Plan for Wind Power Development issued by the National Energy Administration proposes to actively and steadily promote the construction of offshore wind power. By 2020, the scale of construction of offshore wind power in China will reach 10 million kilowatts, and the cumulative grid-connected capacity will reach 500. More than 10,000 kW. The development trend of offshore wind power in China is to strive for stability. In the next few years, with the continuous advancement of offshore wind power technology, the cost of offshore wind power development will be further reduced, and China's offshore wind power may achieve faster development.
2. The demand for new energy market is huge
China is in a critical period of economic development transformation and upgrading. The demand for energy, especially clean energy, is very large. The demand for energy in various industries is increasing. The traditional non-renewable fossil energy is somewhat stretched towards increasing energy demand. . In addition, as China faces serious environmental pollution problems, the government is strictly controlling pollution, and the market demand for environmentally friendly new energy power generation will become larger and larger.
Wind power generation is one of the most mature, most developed conditions and commercial development prospects in the field of renewable energy. Under the existing wind power technology conditions, China's wind energy resources are sufficient to support more than 1 billion kilowatts of wind power installed, wind power will be an important part of the future energy and power structure.
3. Have the advantage of natural resources
China's offshore wind energy resources are abundant. The effective wind energy density of the southeast coast and nearby islands is 200-300 watts/square meter. The annual number of hours greater than or equal to 3 meters/second is about 7000 hours, greater than or equal to 6 meters/second. The number of hours is about 4,000 hours. According to the "China Wind Power Development Roadmap 2050" issued by the Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission, China's water depth of 5-50 meters, 100 meters of offshore wind energy resources open capacity of 500 million kilowatts, with a total area of 394,000 square kilometers.
4. Electricity price policy tends to offshore wind power
On January 1, 2018, the new Internet benchmarking price was implemented, but the price of offshore wind power grids remained unchanged. The on-grid price of offshore wind power targets was 0.85 yuan per kWh, and the on-grid price of intertidal wind power poles was 0.75 yuan per kWh. The electricity price adjustment gradually guides the development of wind power projects to non-restricted areas and encourages offshore wind power development. In 2017-2018, China approved 18 offshore wind power projects with a total of 5,367 MW; 14 projects started with a total of 3,985 MW.
5. Provide energy supplements for the southeastern coastal provinces
Offshore wind energy resources are mainly located in the eastern coastal areas, with Fujian, Zhejiang, Shandong, Jiangsu and Guangdong as the main provinces. The eastern coastal provinces and cities are the most developed areas in the domestic economy. They are led by electricity and are in the center of electric load, providing sufficient market space for large-scale development of offshore wind power. At the same time, the power supply in these provinces and cities is tight, and the growth rate of electricity consumption is relatively fast. With the further weakening of the installed capacity of thermal power, the power gap will be further expanded, and offshore wind power can be used as an effective supplement to the current conventional energy use.
