New energy automotive market continues to take the field of motor controller heating

As the next few years the new energy automotive market will continue to take a good, the market potential will gradually release the market, the motor controller market will gradually increase the scale. Comprehensive technology and market trends analysis, the future, vehicle drive motor system of three technology development direction is permanent magnetization, digital and integrated. In the previous report we analyzed the new energy automotive motor, VCU market, this article we will continue to analyze the new energy automotive core components in another important area - the motor controller.

technology

Battery technology, motor drive and its control technology, energy management technology and electric vehicle vehicle technology for the four key technologies of electric vehicles. Electronic control system for the control of batteries, motors and other components, its functions include: battery management, engine, motor energy management. The electronic control system consists of ECU and other control systems, sensors and other sensing systems, driver identification and other subsystems. Electronic control system of material costs accounted for not high, but need to go through several tests to master the key algorithms, especially hybrid vehicles involved in oil and electricity hybrid control strategy, technical barriers are higher.

The motor controller is the energy conversion unit of the battery and motor connected in the new energy vehicle. It is the core of the motor drive and control system. It mainly includes the hardware part of the IGBT power semiconductor module and its associated circuit, and the software part of the motor control algorithm and logic protection.

The motor drive control system (including the drive motor and the motor controller) is the main executive structure in the exercise of the new energy vehicle. The control and driving characteristics determine the main performance indicators of the vehicle.

In general, the motor controller is mainly composed of the following parts:

1, electronic control module (ElectronicController) includes the hardware circuit and the corresponding control software. The hardware circuit mainly includes the microprocessor and its minimum system, the motor current, voltage, speed, temperature and other state of the monitoring circuit, a variety of hardware protection circuit, and with the vehicle controller, battery management system and other external control unit data Communication circuit. The control software implements the corresponding control algorithm according to the characteristics of different types of motors.

2, the driver (Driver) will be the microcontroller on the motor control signal is converted to drive the power converter drive signal, and to achieve the power signal and control signal isolation.

3, power conversion module (PowerConverter) to control the motor current. Electric vehicles often use the power devices are high-power transistors, the gate can be turned off thyristors, power FET, insulated gate bipolar transistors and intelligent power modules.

At present, the electric car motor controller uses three-phase full-bridge voltage inverter circuit topology, part of the product front two-way DC / DC converter to increase the motor input voltage, improve the output power at high speed, reduce the motor Design and production costs. The traditional controller in the DC support capacitor bulky, high temperature performance is poor. In order to reduce the DC support capacitor volume and even cancel the DC support capacitor, the new converter circuit topology and control method become the new hotspot of electric vehicle application research, but still in the practical exploration stage. At present, the focus of R & D of electric vehicle converters is still focused on power electronics integration.

Comprehensive technology and market trends analysis, the future, vehicle drive motor system of three technology development direction is permanent magnetization, digital and integrated.

1, permanent magnetization refers to the permanent magnet motor with power density and torque density, high efficiency, easy to maintain the advantages. At present, the trend of permanent magnetization is highlighted, a list of public consultation data show that permanent magnet synchronous motor in China's new energy vehicles accounted for more than 90% of the use.

2, digital, including the control of the digital control, driven to the CNC system interface, digital and measurement unit digital. With the software to replace the hardware to the greatest extent, with protection, fault monitoring, self-diagnosis and other functions.

3, the integration is mainly reflected in two aspects: 1) motor: motor and engine assembly, motor and gearbox assembly integration; 2) controller: power electronics assembly (power devices, drive, control, Sensors, power supplies, etc.). The future of the motor, reducer, controller integration, is a trend, not only reduces the volume, but also makes the product more standardized.

market

As the next few years the new energy automotive market will continue to take a good, the market potential will gradually release the market, the motor controller market will gradually increase the scale. At present, the price of bus motor controller is generally 3 to 5 million, passenger car motor controller prices are generally 0.6 to 1.5 million. Through the estimates, a list of public consultation is expected to 2020, the domestic new energy vehicle motor controller market size will exceed 15 billion yuan. (Detailed calculation based on a list of public consultation published "2016 - 2020 China New Energy Automotive Motor and Controller Market Investment Report").

Supply chain, the development of motor controller, including hardware and software design. The core software is generally developed by the vehicle factory, hardware and the underlying driver software can be selected by the auto parts manufacturers. China's controller hardware level and a certain gap between foreign countries, the relative lack of industrialization capacity. Most companies launched mass production of electric vehicle products are more inclined to choose foreign vehicle controller hardware suppliers. In addition, the controller based hardware, development tools and other basic dependence on imports.

Enterprise type, the current mainstream motor control enterprises are divided into two categories: one is the electric vehicle vehicle business, the production of electric vehicle motor controller generally supply its vehicle products; the other is the electric vehicle parts enterprises, its The production of electric vehicle motor controllers is generally supplied to specific or non-specific vehicle companies.

In the field of passenger cars, vehicle companies usually have a strong overall strength, usually independent research and development production of electric vehicle motor controller, or to independent research and development production, the appropriate procurement of spare parts business products, supplemented; in the field of bus, the whole Car companies usually lack of experience in the development of motor controllers, the general choice of outsourcing electric vehicle motor controller, a small number of large-scale vehicle companies will choose independent research and development or independent research and development production and outsourcing combination of the way.

Although there are differences in the domestic and international controller technology, but from 2015 onwards, the new energy vehicle product type diversification, the demand for different controllers richer. In terms of quantity, the current market of electric motor controller in China is mainly dominated by domestic brands, and the share of foreign products is smaller in the market cultivation and the initial development stage because of its higher price.

enterprise

At present, foreign new energy vehicles to hybrid-based, using permanent magnet synchronous motor and controller. Motor controller manufacturers are Toyota, Honda, Hitachi, Bosch, Ford, GM, Ming Electric Motor, Toshiba, UQM motor, ACPROPULSION, ENOVA motor, Freescale, MM and Japan Yasukawa Electric.

In recent years, domestic enterprises to new energy vehicles and their core components of the investment efforts to increase the rapid development of the motor controller from the technical research to product development direction, there have been some professional R & D and production of motor drive system of industrial companies, And gradually formed a conducive to improving product quality and reduce the cost of the industrial chain. Domestic motor controller has been the bulk of the supply companies are Huichuan, Blue Ocean Huateng, Shanghai Electric Drive, Shanghai County, Tianjin Songzheng, Shenzhen Wuzhou Long, CSR Times and so on.