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According to the latest data from the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, in the first four months of this year, the production and sales of new energy vehicles in China completed 232,000 and 225,000 vehicles, respectively, an increase of 142.4% and 149.2% respectively over the same period of the previous year. Far more than the overall increase in the car market, but also far exceeds people's expectations.

In this situation, the automotive industry began to generally touch the "electricity", pure electric vehicle market has been crowded "nowhere to go." Many companies have begun to devote themselves to the research and development of hydrogen fuel vehicles. Many places have also listed the fuel cell vehicle industry as a development priority.

Maturity is at least 10 years worse than electric vehicles

Although China's fuel cell industry started later than Japan, it has made great progress in recent years. After more than 20 years of R&D and demonstration operations, China has initially mastered the core technologies of fuel cell stacks and their key materials, power systems, vehicle integration, and hydrogen energy infrastructure, and has basically established fuel cell vehicle power with independent intellectual property rights. The system technology platform has nurtured a group of companies engaged in R&D and production of fuel cells and key components. It has initially formed a university research institute, with the participation of key enterprises, covering hydrogen production, hydrogen storage, hydrogen transfer, hydrogen safety, and fuel cells. The technology's R&D system has achieved the production capacity of 100-class power systems and complete vehicles. As of the end of 2017, the commercial orders for fuel cell vehicles in China have exceeded 1,000 vehicles, and there are more than 200 hydrogen fuel cell vehicles used for demonstration operations, and 8 hydrogenation stations have been established nationwide.

However, this group of operating figures is far inferior to pure electric vehicles. "Although fuel cells have the advantages of having a higher stack efficiency than internal combustion engines and no emission pollution at all, due to the failure to determine the hydrogen storage method, the excessively large stack size, low efficiency, and the use of precious metals in proton exchange membranes and other specific technical issues. Failing to overcome, the true industrialization of fuel cell vehicles still faces more difficulties.” Dong Yang believes that the current status of China’s fuel cell vehicles is similar to that of pure electric vehicles in 2009, and it also belongs to the stage of large-scale R&D and promotion of “ten cities and 1,000 vehicles”. . In terms of industrial maturity, there is still a 10-year or even longer gap between fuel cell vehicles and power battery electric vehicles.

Industrial breakthroughs must go through the "three ridges"

Second, the hydrogen supply chain has not yet formed. According to experts, regarding the production of hydrogen, there are currently various technical routes such as industrial hydrogen production and the use of photovoltaics, wind energy and other fragmented energy to produce hydrogen; as for the transmission of hydrogen, there are also different routes such as high pressure, liquefaction and the use of natural gas pipelines. There is a need for economic and technical comparisons and business model exploration.

Academician Yi Baolian, a member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and a researcher at the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that at present, there are few hydrogen storage and transportation companies in China, and the hydrogen supply system is not stable.